· Compara la diferencia
entre el estilo directo y el indirecto:
Estilo directo:
- He said: “I don´t want to go home yet.”
|
Estilo indirecto o reported speech:
- He said (that) he didn´t want to go
home yet.
|
· En estilo indirecto that es opcional. Se
incluye cuando queremos usar un lenguaje más formal.
· Cambios de tiempo verbal:
Estilo
directo (Direct Speech)
|
Estilo
indirecto (Reported speech)
|
Presente simple
I enjoy reading comics.
Presente continuo
She´s washing the dishes.
Pasado simple
I worked for an art gallery.
Pasado continuo
He was making dinner.
Presente perfecto
We have watched all those films.
Futuro
I´ll post those letters.
Can
I can´t wait any longer.
Must
I must take that train.
May
She may lend me some money.
|
Pasado simple
He said he enjoyed reading comics
Pasado continuo
He said she was washing the dishes.
Pasado perfecto
He said he had worked for an art gallery.
Pasado perfecto continuo
He said he had been making dinner.
Pasado perfecto
He said they had watched all those films.
Condicional simple (would)
He said he would post those letters.
Could
He said he couldn´t wait any longer.
Had to
He said he had to take that train.
Might
He said she might lend him some money.
|
· Expresiones que cambian en
estilo indirecto:
Estilo directo (Direct Speech)
|
Estilo indirecto (Reported speech)
|
Pronombres personales y objeto
“I don´t know you”
“We are late”
|
She said she didn´t know me.
He said they were late.
|
Posesivos
“That´s not my book”
|
He said that wasn´t his book.
|
Adverbios y expresiones de tiempo
Tomorrow
Today
Yesterday
Next week
Last week
Now
Here
This week
|
the next day / the following day
that day
the day before / the previous day
the following week
the week before, the previous week
then / at that moment
there
that week
|
· Ordenes e imperativos en estilo
indirecto: (not) to + infinitivo
“Shut up!” - He asked me to shut up.
“Don´t open that window” - He ordered them not
to open that window.
· Preguntas en estilo indirecto: al pasar de estilo directo a indirecto las
preguntas tienen el
orden sujeto + verbo. Hay
que diferenciar entre dos tipos de preguntas:
- Preguntas con palabra
interrogativa (what, who, where, etc.):
He asked: “Where are you?” - He asked me
where I was.
- Preguntas cuya
respuesta es sí o no (sin palabra interrogativa, Yes/No questions).
She asked: “are you ok?” - She asked me if
/ whether I was ok.
· Reporting verbs:
- Verbo + (that): say, claim, explain, insist, agree, complain,
reply, deny, admit (decir, revindicar, explicar, insitir, acceder, quejarse,
contester, negarse, admitir)
- Verbo + pronombre objeto + infinitivo: advise, encourage,
invite, remind warn (aconsejar, animar, inviter, recorder, advertir)
- Verbo + pronombre objeto + (that): tell (contar)
- Verbo + infinitivo con to: offer, refuse, agree, promise,
decide, threaten (ofrecer, rechazar, acceder, decidir, chantajear)
- Verbo + verbo (-ing): suggest, recommend, deny (sugerir,
recomendar, negar)
- Verbo + for + verbo(-ing): apologise, thank (disculparse,
agradecer)
Answer these questions in your notebook:
